PPPs and exchange rates

Data - OECD

Author

François Geerolf


Info

source dataset Title .html .rData
oecd SNA_TABLE4 PPPs and exchange rates 2026-08-12 2026-08-02

Data on xrates

source dataset Title .html .rData
oecd SNA_TABLE4 PPPs and exchange rates 2026-08-12 2026-08-02
bdf EXR Exchange Rate 2026-08-11 2026-08-10
bis EER Real Effective Exchange Rates, Monthly 2026-08-11 2026-07-25
bis EER_D Real Effective Exchange Rates, Daily 2026-08-11 2026-07-25
bis XRU Exchange Rates 2026-08-11 2026-07-25
bis XRU_D Exchange Rates, Daily 2026-08-11 2026-07-25
ecb EXR Exchange Rates 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat ert_bil_eur_d Euro/ECU exchange rates - daily data 2026-08-11 2026-07-14
eurostat ert_h_eur_d Former euro area national currencies vs. euro/ECU - daily data 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
fred xrates Exchange Rates 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
gfd xrates Exchange Rates 2026-08-01 2026-08-01
oecd REFSERIES_MSIT Exchange rates 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
wdi PA.NUS.FCRF Official exchange rate (LCU per USD, period average) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11

Data on industry

source dataset Title .html .rData
oecd SNA_TABLE4 PPPs and exchange rates 2026-08-12 2026-08-02
ec INDUSTRY Industry (sector data) 2026-08-11 2026-08-01
eurostat ei_isin_m Industry - monthly data - index (2015 = 100) (NACE Rev. 2) - ei_isin_m 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
eurostat htec_trd_group4 High-tech trade by high-tech group of products in million euro (from 2007, SITC Rev. 4) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
eurostat nama_10_a64 National accounts aggregates by industry (up to NACE A*64) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
eurostat nama_10_a64_e National accounts employment data by industry (up to NACE A*64) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
eurostat namq_10_a10_e Employment A*10 industry breakdowns 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat road_eqr_carmot New registrations of passenger cars by type of motor energy and engine size - road_eqr_carmot 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat sts_inpp_m Producer prices in industry, total - monthly data 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat sts_inppd_m Producer prices in industry, domestic market - monthly data 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat sts_inpr_m Production in industry - monthly data 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
eurostat sts_intvnd_m Turnover in industry, non domestic market - monthly data - sts_intvnd_m 2026-08-12 2026-08-11
fred industry Manufacturing, Industry 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
oecd ALFS_EMP Employment by activities and status (ALFS) 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
oecd BERD_MA_SOF Business enterprise R&D expenditure by main activity (focussed) and source of funds 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
oecd GBARD_NABS2007 Government budget allocations for R and D 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
oecd MEI_REAL Production and Sales (MEI) 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
oecd MSTI_PUB Main Science and Technology Indicators 2026-08-11 2026-08-02
wdi NV.IND.EMPL.KD Industry, value added per worker (constant 2010 USD) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi NV.IND.MANF.CD Manufacturing, value added (current USD) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi NV.IND.MANF.ZS Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi NV.IND.TOTL.KD Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 USD) - NV.IND.TOTL.KD 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi NV.IND.TOTL.ZS Industry, value added (including construction) (% of GDP) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi SL.IND.EMPL.ZS Employment in industry (% of total employment) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11
wdi TX.VAL.MRCH.CD.WT Merchandise exports (current USD) 2026-08-11 2026-08-11

COMPILE_TIME

COMPILE_TIME
2026-08-13

Last

TIME_PERIOD Nobs
2024 163

TRANSACT

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  group_by(TRANSACT, Transact) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) print_table(.) else .}
TRANSACT Transact Nobs
EXC Exchange rates, period-average 335
PPPGDP Purchasing Power Parities for GDP 330
PPPPRC Purchasing Power Parities for private consumption 330
PPPP41 Purchasing Power Parities for actual individual consumption 326
EXCE Exchange rates, end of period 270

MEASURE

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$MEASURE, by = "MEASURE") |>
  group_by(MEASURE, Measure) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) print_table(.) else .}
MEASURE Measure Nobs
CD National currency per US dollar 1591

LOCATION

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  group_by(LOCATION, Location) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

Exchange Rate

Flat

Code 
include_graphics3b("bib/oecd/SNA_TABLE4_ex1.png")

Javascript

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  group_by(LOCATION, UNIT, Location) |>
  summarise(year_first = first(TIME_PERIOD),
            year_last = last(TIME_PERIOD),
            `$1 = ` = last(obsValue)) |>
  ungroup() |>
  mutate(`USD` = paste0("$", round(1/`$1 = `, 3)),
         `EUR` = paste0(round(`$1 = `[UNIT == "EUR"]/`$1 = `, 3), "€"),
         `$1 = ` = paste0(round(`$1 = `, 3), " ", UNIT)) |>
  select(-UNIT) |>
  mutate(Loc = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(Location)),
         Loc = paste0('<img src="../../bib/flags/vsmall/', Loc, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Loc, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

EXC - Period Average: Time Series

Argentina

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "ARG") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Argentine Pesos") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = 10^seq(-6, 2, 1),
                labels = dollar_format(a = 0.000001, p = "$ ", su = "/$"))

Australia, Austria, Belgium

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "AUT", "BEL")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  add_3flags + xlab("") + ylab("Exchange Rate ($1 = ? National Currency)") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 10, 0.1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.1, p = "", su = " ../$"))

Bulgaria

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "BGR") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Bulgarian lev") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = c(c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, 3), 
                           0.1*c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1), 
                           0.01*c(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1)),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.001, p = "", su = " lev/$"))

Brazil

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "BRA") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Brazilian Real") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = 10^seq(-6, 2, 1),
                labels = dollar_format(a = 0.000001, p = "", su = " R$/$"))

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU", "ITA", "ESP", "GRC")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  add_5flags + xlab("") + ylab("Exchange Rate ($1 = ? National Currency)") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 10, 0.1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.1, p = "", su = " ../$"))

Canada, United Kingdom

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION %in% c("CAN", "GBR", "DEU")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  add_3flags + xlab("") + ylab("Exchange Rate ($1 = ? National Currency)") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 10, 0.1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.1, p = "", su = " ../$"))

Switzerland, United Kingdom

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION %in% c("CHE", "GBR", "DEU")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  add_3flags + xlab("") + ylab("Exchange Rate ($1 = ? National Currency)") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 10, 0.1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.1, p = "", su = " ../$"))

Chile

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "CHL") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Chilean Peso") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = 10^seq(-6, 3, 1),
                labels = dollar_format(a = 0.0001, p = "", su = " CLP/$"))

China

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "CHN") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Chinese Yuan") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(1, 10, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 1, p = "", su = " ¥/$"))

Colombia

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXC",
         LOCATION == "COL") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Colombian Peso") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = c(5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 
                           100, 200, 300, 500, 
                           1000, 2000, 3000, 5000),
                labels = dollar_format(a = 1, p = "", su = " COL$/$"))

EXCE - End of Period: Time Series

Argentina

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXCE",
         LOCATION == "ARG") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("$1 in Argentine Pesos") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = 10^seq(-6, 2, 1),
                labels = dollar_format(a = 0.000001, p = "$ ", su = "/$"))

Australia, Austria, Belgium

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT == "EXCE",
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "AUT", "BEL")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  add_3flags + xlab("") + ylab("Exchange Rate ($1 = ? National Currency)") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 10, 0.1),
                     labels = dollar_format(a = 0.1, p = "", su = " ../$"))

Individual Countries

Australia

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.4, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Austria

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("AUT")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.4, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

France

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.4, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Germany

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("DEU")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.4, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Japan

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("JPN")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.6, 0.15),
        legend.title = element_blank())

United States

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "PPPPRC", "PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("USA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/obsValue[match("EXC", TRANSACT)]) |>
  filter(TRANSACT != "EXC") |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$TRANSACT, by = "TRANSACT") |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Transact, linetype = Transact)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.6, 0.15),
        legend.title = element_blank())

PPPGDP/EXC - Purchasing Power Parities for GDP

Table - Relative to U.S.

Javascript

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, TRANSACT, TIME_PERIOD, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  na.omit() |>
  group_by(LOCATION, Location) |>
  summarise(`First Year` = first(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last Year` = last(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last PPP` = round(last(PPPGDP/EXC),2),
            Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

png

Code 
include_graphics3b("bib/oecd/SNA_TABLE4_ex2.png")

United States

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("USA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = PPPGDP/EXC)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.15, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Australia, Austria, Belgium

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "AUT", "BEL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Canada, US, Germany

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CAN", "USA", "DEU")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Switzerland, Germany, France

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CHE", "DEU", "FRA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Denmark, Spain, Finland

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("DNK", "ESP", "FIN")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

France, Greece, United Kingdom

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "GBR", "GRC")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Iceland, Ireland, Italy

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("IRL", "ISL", "ITA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("JPN", "LUX", "MEX")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("NLD", "NOR", "NZL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Portugal, Sweden, Turkey

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("PRT", "SWE", "TUR")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

China, India, Korea

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CHN", "IND", "KOR")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Colombia

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("SAU", "ZAF", "COL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Israel, Indonesia, Germany FFR

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("ISR", "IDN", "DEW")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Chile, Argentina, Brazil

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CHL", "ARG", "BRA")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Poland

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CRI", "CZE", "POL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Cabo Verde, Hong Kong, China, Hungary

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("CPV", "HKG", "HUN")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

Morocco, Madagascar, Peru

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPGDP", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("MAR", "MDG", "PER")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPGDP/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

PPPPRC - Purchasing Power Parities for private consumption

Table

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPPRC", "EXC")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, TRANSACT, TIME_PERIOD, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  na.omit() |>
  group_by(LOCATION, Location) |>
  summarise(`First Year` = first(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last Year` = last(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last PPP` = round(last(PPPPRC/EXC),2),
            Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

Australia, Austria, Belgium

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPPRC", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "AUT", "BEL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPPRC/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))

PPPP41 - Purchasing Power Parities for actual individual consumption

Table

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPP41", "EXC")) |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, TRANSACT, TIME_PERIOD, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  na.omit() |>
  group_by(LOCATION, Location) |>
  summarise(`First Year` = first(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last Year` = last(TIME_PERIOD),
            `Last PPP` = round(last(PPPP41/EXC),2),
            Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

Australia, Austria, Belgium

Code 
SNA_TABLE4 |>
  filter(TRANSACT %in% c("PPPP41", "EXC"),
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "AUT", "BEL")) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(SNA_TABLE4_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  select(LOCATION, Location, date, TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  spread(TRANSACT, obsValue) |>
  mutate(obsValue = PPPP41/EXC) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  na.omit() |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + scale_color_identity() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Purchasing Power Parity") + add_3flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1940, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(0, 2, 0.1))