Employment A*10 industry breakdowns

Data - Eurostat

Info

Last observation: Quarterly: 2026Q2 (N = 2,072)

First observation: Quarterly: 1980Q1 (N = 432)

Last data update: 31 jul 2026, 07:22. Last compile: 02 aoû 2026, 08:26

Structure

Industry Share

All

Table

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("B-E", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW",
         time %in% c("2024Q4", "1995Q1", "2024Q3")) |>
  
  
  group_by(time) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL") |>
  spread(time, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) |>
  mutate(change = `2024Q4`-`1995Q1`) |>
  arrange(`2024Q3`) |>
  print_table_conditional()

1995-

Code
options(ggrepel.max.overlaps = Inf)
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("B-E", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         !(geo %in% c("EA12", "EA19", "EA20", "EU27_2020")),
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(geo != "FR", "grey", color)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, group = geo)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("") +
  geom_line(data = . %>% filter(geo == "FR"),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color), size = 2) +
  geom_text_repel(data = . %>% group_by(geo) %>% filter(date %in% c(max(date), min(date))),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, label = geo))

Manufacturing Share

All

Table

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW",
         time %in% c("2024Q4", "1995Q1", "2024Q3")) |>
  
  
  group_by(time) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL") |>
  spread(time, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) |>
  mutate(change = `2024Q4`-`1995Q1`) |>
  arrange(`2024Q3`) |>
  print_table_conditional()

Table

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("B-E", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW",
         time %in% c("2024Q4", "1995Q1", "2024Q3")) |>
  
  
  group_by(time) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL") |>
  spread(time, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) |>
  mutate(change = `2024Q4`-`1995Q1`) |>
  arrange(`2024Q3`) |>
  print_table_conditional()

1995-

Code
options(ggrepel.max.overlaps = Inf)
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, group = geo)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("") +
  geom_line(data = . %>% filter(geo == "FR"),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color), size = 2) +
  geom_label_repel(data = . %>% group_by(geo) %>% filter(date %in% c(max(date), min(date))),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, label = geo))

Gris

Code
options(ggrepel.max.overlaps = Inf)
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         !(geo %in% c("EA12", "EA19", "EA20", "EU27_2020")),
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(geo != "FR", "grey", color)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, group = geo)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi manufacturier (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("") +
  geom_line(data = . %>% filter(geo == "FR"),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color), size = 2) +
  geom_text_repel(data = . %>% group_by(geo) %>% filter(date %in% c(max(date), min(date))),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, label = geo))

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Euro area

1995-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "EA"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

Industry and Manufacturing Share

France, Germany, Italy, Romania

1995-

Code
nace_r2 <- read_parquet("nace_r2_fr.parquet")
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "RO"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

France, Germany, Italy

1995-

Code
nace_r2 <- read_parquet("nace_r2_fr.parquet")
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

2008-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("2008-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.5),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Euro area

1995-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "EA"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.1),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

2008-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "EA"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("2008-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.3, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

2017-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "EA"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA", "Europe", Geo)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.3, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

Spain, Netherlands, Portugal

1995-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("ES", "NL", "PT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.7, 0.8),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 2),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

2008-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "B-E"),
         geo %in% c("ES", "NL", "PT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL",
         date >= as.Date("2008-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color, linetype = Nace_r2)) +
  scale_color_identity() +
  scale_linetype_manual(values = c("solid", "dashed")) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.5),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  add_flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-60, 60, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Emploi Manufacturier, Industriel (% de l'Emploi)") + xlab("")

% of Total Employment

France

Code
nace_r2 <- read_parquet("nace_r2.parquet")
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("FR"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Germany

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("DE"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Italy

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("IT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Spain

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("ES"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Greece

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("EL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Netherlands

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("NL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Denmark

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("DK"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Finland

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("FI"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Poland

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("PL"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Hungary

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("HU"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Portugal

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("PT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Austria

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("AT"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Sweden

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  filter(na_item == "EMP_DC",
         nace_r2 %in% c("C", "TOTAL", "L", "F"),
         geo %in% c("SE"),
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit== "THS_HW") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  
  select(nace_r2, Nace_r2, date, values) |>
  group_by(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/ values[nace_r2 == "TOTAL"]) |>
  filter(nace_r2 != "TOTAL")  |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Nace_r2)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("% of Employment") +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-500, 200, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.8, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

France, Germany, Italy

Number of hours worked

  • La durée individuelle du travail. html

  • Durée du travail. pdf

All

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "C",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit == "THS_HW",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  arrange(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/1000) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Hours Worked, Millions") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 500),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2000-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "C",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         unit == "THS_HW",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  mutate(values = values/1000) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Hours Worked, Millions") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 500),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Number of employees

France, Germany, Italy

All

All

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "C",
         s_adj == "NSA",
         unit == "THS_PER",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  arrange(date) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Employees, '000") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 1000),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

1995-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "C",
         s_adj == "NSA",
         unit == "THS_PER",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  arrange(date) |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Employees, '000") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 1000),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

All

All

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "TOTAL",
         s_adj == "NSA",
         unit == "THS_PER",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  arrange(date) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Employees, '000") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 5000),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2000-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "TOTAL",
         s_adj == "NSA",
         unit == "THS_PER",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Employees, '000") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 5000),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2010-

Code
namq_10_a10_e |>
  
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT"),
         nace_r2 == "TOTAL",
         s_adj == "NSA",
         unit == "THS_PER",
         na_item == "EMP_DC") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2010-01-01")) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Number of Employees, '000") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 1000000, 5000),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, prefix = "", suffix = "M")) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())