Overview of Public Debt Statistics

Data

Sovereign rates

5Y, 10Y, 30Y

Date: September 02, 2025 10:39 AM. Source: https://www.investing.com/rates-bonds/world-government-bonds

10Y, 30Y, ratings

Date: September 02, 2025 10:39 AM. Source: https://www.investing.com/rates-bonds/world-government-bonds

Public debt data

Fiscal Monitor

ig_d("imf", "G_XWDG_G01_GDP_PT", "FRA-DEU-USA-ITA-JPN")

U.S.

Public deficit

Last

ig_d("fred", "saving", "US-deficit-GDP")

1947-

ig_d("fred", "saving", "US-deficit-GDP-1947")

1999-

ig_d("fred", "saving", "US-deficit-GDP-1999")

Europe

Debt to GDP ratios (years)

Last

ig_d("eurostat", "gov_10q_ggdebt", "GD-US-UK-FR-JP-IT")

2015-

ig_d("eurostat", "gov_10q_ggdebt", "GD-US-UK-FR-JP-IT-2015")

2015- (%)

ig_d("eurostat", "gov_10q_ggdebt", "GD-US-UK-FR-JP-IT-2015-percent")

Other countries

ig_d("eurostat", "gov_10q_ggdebt", "NL-LU-DK-SE-FR")

Deficits

Portugal, Greece, Germany, Euro area

All

ig_d("eurostat", "gov_10dd_edpt1", "FR-DE-IT-ES-NL-B9")

Interest rates

Germany, Italy, France, Spain

ig_d("eurostat", "ei_mfir_m", "MF-LTGBY-RT-FR-DE-IT-ES-2005")

Portugal, Greece, Germany, Euro area

ig_d("eurostat", "ei_mfir_m", "MF-LTGBY-RT-EA-DE-PT-EL-2014")

IMF

Primary and Total Deficits

Total deficit

United States, France, Europe

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "U2-US-FR-2010")

United States, France, Europe

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "U2-US-FR-2010")

Euopean countries, U.S.

All

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "IT-FR-DE-ES-US")

2010-

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "IT-FR-DE-ES-US-2010")

France, Germany, U.S., E.U.

All

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "FR-DE-US-U2")

2005-

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "FR-DE-US-U2-2008")

Primary deficit

Euopean countries, U.S.

ig_d("imf", "GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT", "IT-FR-DE-ES-US")

Public Debt

Long Period

ig_d("imf", "HPDD", "US-UK-FR-JP-IT")

Long Period

ig_d("imf", "HPDD", "US-UK-FR-JP-IT")

OECD

France, United States

ig_d("oecd", "QASA_TABLE7PSD", "SAFGD-CXCAR-FRA-USA-log")

France, UK, Italy, Canada

ig_d("oecd", "QASA_TABLE7PSD", "SAFGD-CXCAR-FRA-GBR-ITA-CAN")

France

Trajectory (Source: Oxford Economics)

ig_b("debt", "france-trajectory-march2024")

Charge d’intérêt

ig_d("insee", "T_3201", "line7")

Déficit primaire VS total

Tous

ig_d("insee", "t_compteapu_val", "PIB-D41-B9NF")

2005-

ig_d("insee", "t_compteapu_val", "PIB-D41-B9NF-2005")

Charge d’intérêt

ig_d("insee", "t_compteapu_val", "PIB-D41")

Rating agencies

Risk weights

ig_b("bis", "CRE20", "sovereign-rating")

Détention par les non-résidents de la dette / CAC40

Detention

ig_d("bdf", "DET", "detention-non-residents")

Datasets

source dataset Title .html .RData
eurostat ei_mfir_m Interest rates - monthly data 2025-08-25 2025-08-24
eurostat gov_10q_ggdebt Quarterly government debt 2025-08-25 2025-08-24
fred r Interest Rates 2025-08-25 2025-08-24
fred saving Saving - saving 2025-08-25 2025-08-24
gfd debt Debt 2021-08-22 2021-03-01
imf FM Fiscal Monitor 2025-08-25 2020-03-13
imf GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT Net lending/borrowing (also referred as overall balance) (% of GDP) 2025-08-25 2025-08-05
imf GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT Primary net lending/borrowing (also referred as primary balance) (% of GDP) 2025-08-25 2025-08-05
imf GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT Net debt (% of GDP) 2025-08-25 2025-07-27
imf HPDD NA NA NA
oecd QASA_TABLE7PSD Quarterly Sector Accounts - Public Sector Debt, consolidated, nominal value 2024-09-15 2025-05-24
wdi GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS Central government debt, total (% of GDP) 2023-06-18 2025-08-24
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.CN Interest payments (current LCU) 2023-06-18 2025-08-24
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.RV.ZS Interest payments (% of revenue) 2023-06-18 2025-08-24
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.ZS Interest payments (% of expense) 2025-08-25 2025-08-24

Bibliography

English

“The Interest Burden on Public Debt, or the Myth of the Financial Abyss”, Marianne, F. Geerolf, January 2025. [ html] [ pdf] [ github]

“The Inflation Tax, Purchasing Power, the Savings Rate, and the Public Deficit”, F. Geerolf, Working Paper, July 2024. [ html] [ pdf] [ github]

“Reassessing Dynamic Efficiency”, F. Geerolf, September 2018. [ pdf] [ 2023 version] [ thesis]

“Bubbles and Asset Supply”, F. Geerolf, Ph.D Dissertation, July 2013. Referees: M. Emmanuel Farhi, M. Jean Tirole. President: M. Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas. Advisor: M. Philippe Martin. [ pdf]

French

« La charge d’intérêt sur la dette publique, ou le mythe du gouffre financier », Marianne, F. Geerolf, janvier 2025. [ html] [ pdf] [ github]

« La taxe inflationniste, le pouvoir d’achat, le taux d’épargne et le déficit public », F. Geerolf, Document de travail, juillet 2024. [ html] [ pdf] [ github]

Débat avec François Ecalle dans Le Monde, janvier 2025: “La dette publique est-elle vraiment alarmante ? L’avis contrasté de deux experts.” [ pdf] [ html]

« La dette publique est-elle un problème ? » F. Geerolf & P. Jacquet, Politique étrangère, 2021/2 (Été), 79-92. [ pdf] [ html]

« La dette publique est-elle un problème ? » F. Geerolf & P. Jacquet, Politique étrangère, 2021/2 (Été), 79-92. [ pdf] [ html]