Quarterly government debt

Data - Eurostat

Author

François Geerolf

Info

source dataset .html .RData
eurostat gov_10q_ggdebt 2025-05-24 2025-05-24

Data on public debt

source dataset .html .RData
eurostat ei_mfir_m 2025-05-24 2025-05-24
eurostat gov_10q_ggdebt 2025-05-24 2025-05-24
fred r 2025-05-24 2025-05-24
fred saving 2025-05-24 2025-05-24
gfd debt 2021-08-22 2021-03-01
imf FM 2025-04-24 2020-03-13
imf GGXCNL_G01_GDP_PT 2025-04-28 2025-04-28
imf GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT 2025-04-28 2025-04-28
imf GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT 2024-10-29 2025-01-05
imf HPDD 2024-06-20 NA
oecd QASA_TABLE7PSD 2024-09-15 2025-04-28
wdi GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS 2023-06-18 2025-03-09
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.CN 2023-06-18 2025-03-09
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.RV.ZS 2023-06-18 2025-03-09
wdi GC.XPN.INTP.ZS 2025-03-09 2025-03-09

LAST_COMPILE

LAST_COMPILE
2025-05-24

Last

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  group_by(time) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(time)) %>%
  head(1) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
time Nobs
2024Q4 7317

unit

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  left_join(unit, by = "unit") %>%
  group_by(unit, Unit) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) print_table(.) else .}
unit Unit Nobs
MIO_NAC Million units of national currency 195383
MIO_EUR Million euro 194389
PC_GDP Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) 192591
PC_TOT Percentage of total 159950

sector

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  left_join(sector, by = "sector") %>%
  group_by(sector, Sector) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) print_table(.) else .}
sector Sector Nobs
S1312 State government 157346
S13 General government 155469
S1314 Social security funds 141390
S1313 Local government 137356
S1311 Central government 137196
S13112 Central government other than budgetary central government 6311
S13111 Budgetary central government 6293
S11001 Public non-financial corporations 952

na_item

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  left_join(na_item, by = "na_item") %>%
  group_by(na_item, Na_item) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

geo

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  group_by(geo, Geo) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(Geo)),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../bib/flags/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) %>%
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

time

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  group_by(time) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(time)) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

EA-19, Deficit

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(time %in% c("2022Q3", "2015Q1"),
         sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD") %>%
  select(geo, time, values) %>%
  spread(time, values) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(Geo)),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../bib/flags/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) %>%
  select(Flag, Geo, geo, everything()) %>%
  arrange(-`2022Q3`) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

Last

Debt

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD") %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  filter(time == max(time)) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  arrange(values) %>%
  select(geo, Geo, everything()) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Italy, Portugal, Greece, France, Europe

Gross Debt

2005-

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "EL", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2005-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2025, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

Luxembourg, Denmark, Sweden, Netherlands, Germany, France

All

English

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("NL", "LU", "DK", "SE", "FR", "DE")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " year")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

French

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("NL", "LU", "DK", "SE", "FR", "DE")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Dette publique (années de PIB)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " année")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2000-

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("NL", "LU", "DK", "SE", "FR", "DE")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " year")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

France, Germany

All

English

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_2flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

French

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Dette publique (années de PIB)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_2flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " année")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands

All

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT", "ES", "NL")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

Italy, Portugal, Spain, Greece, Belgium, France

All

English

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "BE", "FR")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

French

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "BE", "FR")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Dette publique") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " année")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2000-

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "BE", "FR")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 10),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1700, 2050, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2005

Years of GDP

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "BE", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2005-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_7flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2025, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2015

Years of GDP

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "NL", "ES", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2015-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(2015, 2025, 1), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

% of GDP…

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "BE", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2015-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (% of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_7flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::percent_format()) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(2015, 2025, 1), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2019

Years of GDP

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "NL", "ES", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2019-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 1, hjust = 1)) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%b %Y"))

% of GDP…

Code 
gov_10q_ggdebt %>%
  filter(sector == "S13",
         unit == "PC_GDP",
         na_item == "GD",
         geo %in% c("IT", "PT", "ES", "EL", "FR", "EA19")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  quarter_to_date() %>%
  mutate(values = values / 100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2019-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (% of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 1, hjust = 1)) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::percent_format()) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%b %Y"))