Real interest rate (%) - FR.INR.RINR

Data - WDI

Author

François Geerolf

Last observation: 2025 (N = 67)

First observation: 1961 (N = 4)

Last data update: 05 sept. 2026, 01:07

Last compile: 06 sept. 2026, 15:05

Nobs - Javascript

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  left_join(iso2c, by = "iso2c") |>
  group_by(iso2c, Iso2c) |>
  mutate(value = round(value, 2)) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n(),
            `Year 1` = first(year),
            `Real interest rate 1` = first(value) |> paste0(" %"),
            `Year 2` = last(year),
            `Real interest rate 2` = last(value) |> paste0(" %")) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

Periods of Low Real interest rate

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  filter(value < 0) |>
  arrange(value) |>
  mutate(value = round(value, 2)) |>
  left_join(iso2c, by = "iso2c") |>
  select(iso2c, Iso2c, year, value) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

France, Italy, Germany

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  filter(iso2c %in% c("FR", "DE", "IT")) |>
  left_join(iso2c, by = "iso2c") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  mutate(value = value/100) |>
  add_flag_color("Iso2c") |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value, color = color) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.85, 0.85)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 2),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")

Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  filter(iso2c %in% c("DK", "SE", "NL")) |>
  left_join(iso2c, by = "iso2c") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  mutate(value = value/100) |>
  add_flag_color("Iso2c") |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value, color = color) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.85, 0.85)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 2),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")

United States, United Kingdom, Japan

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  filter(iso2c %in% c("JP", "US", "GB")) |>
  left_join(iso2c, by = "iso2c") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  mutate(value = value/100) |>
  add_flag_color("Iso2c") |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value, color = color) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.85, 0.85)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 2),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")

Argentina

1996-2005

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(iso2c == "AR",
         date >= as.Date("1996-01-01"),
         date <= as.Date("2005-01-01")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value/100) + xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 5),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")

1996-2020

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(iso2c == "AR",
         date >= as.Date("1996-01-01"),
         date <= as.Date("2020-01-01")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value/100) + xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 5),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")

China

Code 
FR.INR.RINR |>
  filter(iso2c == "CN") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  ggplot() + geom_line() + theme_minimal() + 
  aes(x = date, y = value/100) + xlab("") + ylab("Real interest rate") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1900, 2100,5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-100, 10000, 5),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "grey")