Labour cost index by NACE Rev. 2 activity - nominal value, quarterly data

Data - Eurostat

Author

François Geerolf

Info

source dataset Title .html .rData
eurostat lc_lci_r2_q Labour cost index by NACE Rev. 2 activity - nominal value, quarterly data 2026-03-27 2026-03-26

Info

  • Annual increase in labour costs at 5.7% in euro area - Fourth quarter of 2022. pdf/html

  • Annual increase in labour costs at 2.9% in euro area - Third quarter of 2022. pdf

  • Annual increase in labour costs at 4.0% in euro area - Second quarter of 2022. pdf

Data on wages

Code 
load_data("wages.RData")
wages %>%
  arrange(-(dataset == "lc_lci_r2_q")) %>%
  source_dataset_file_updates()
source dataset Title .html .rData
eurostat lc_lci_r2_q Labour cost index by NACE Rev. 2 activity - nominal value, quarterly data 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
eurostat earn_mw_cur Monthly minimum wages - bi-annual data 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
eurostat ei_lmlc_q Labour cost index, nominal value - quarterly data 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
eurostat lc_lci_lev Labour cost levels by NACE Rev. 2 activity 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
eurostat nama_10_lp_ulc Labour productivity and unit labour costs 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
eurostat namq_10_lp_ulc Labour productivity and unit labour costs 2026-03-24 2026-03-26
eurostat tps00155 Minimum wages 2026-03-27 2026-03-26
fred wage Wage 2026-03-26 2026-03-26
ilo EAR_4MTH_SEX_ECO_CUR_NB_A Mean nominal monthly earnings of employees by sex and economic activity -- Harmonized series 2024-06-20 2023-06-01
ilo EAR_XEES_SEX_ECO_NB_Q Mean nominal monthly earnings of employees by sex and economic activity -- Harmonized series 2024-06-20 2023-06-01
oecd AV_AN_WAGE Average annual wages 2026-03-23 2026-03-23
oecd AWCOMP Taxing Wages - Comparative tables 2026-03-23 2023-09-09
oecd EAR_MEI Hourly Earnings (MEI) 2024-04-16 2024-04-16
oecd HH_DASH Household Dashboard 2026-03-23 2023-09-09
oecd MIN2AVE Minimum relative to average wages of full-time workers - MIN2AVE 2026-02-22 2023-09-09
oecd RMW Real Minimum Wages - RMW 2026-03-23 2024-03-12
oecd ULC_EEQ Unit labour costs and labour productivity (employment based), Total economy 2026-03-23 2024-04-15

Last

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  group_by(time) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(time)) %>%
  head(2) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
time Nobs
2025Q4 27330
2025Q3 27330

lcstruct

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  group_by(lcstruct, Lcstruct) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
lcstruct Lcstruct Nobs
D11 Wages and salaries (total) 796979
D12_D4_MD5 Labour costs other than wages and salaries 796963
D1_D4_MD5 Labour cost for LCI (compensation of employees plus taxes minus subsidies) 791703
D1_D4_MD5_XB Labour cost for LCI excluding bonuses 504137

nace_r2

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  left_join(nace_r2, by = "nace_r2") %>%
  group_by(nace_r2, Nace_r2) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
nace_r2 Nace_r2 Nobs
B Mining and quarrying 114531
C Manufacturing 114527
E Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 114507
D Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 114495
F Construction 114459
K Financial and insurance activities 113654
B-E Industry (except construction) 113619
H Transportation and storage 113602
J Information and communication 113586
N Administrative and support service activities 113574
M Professional, scientific and technical activities 113566
I Accommodation and food service activities 113550
G Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 113522
B-F Industry and construction 113511
L Real estate activities 113314
B-N Business economy 112998
G-N Services of the business economy 112698
G-J Wholesale and retail trade; transport; accommodation and food service activities; information and communication 112386
K-N Financial and insurance activities; real estate activities; professional, scientific and technical activities; administrative and support service activities 112170
R Arts, entertainment and recreation 105619
S Other service activities 105599
P Education 104667
Q Human health and social work activities 104615
B-S Industry, construction and services (except activities of households as employers and extra-territorial organisations and bodies) 104323
O Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 103751
O-S Public administration and defence; compulsory social security; education; human health and social work activities; arts, entertainment and recreation; other service activities 102939

unit

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  left_join(unit, by = "unit") %>%
  group_by(unit, Unit) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
unit Unit Nobs
PCH_PRE Percentage change on previous period 986246
PCH_SM Percentage change compared to same period in previous year 955640
I20 Index, 2020=100 947896

s_adj

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  left_join(s_adj, by = "s_adj") %>%
  group_by(s_adj, S_adj) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  print_table_conditional()
s_adj S_adj Nobs
CA Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data 1038060
SCA Seasonally and calendar adjusted data 1037060
NSA Unadjusted data (i.e. neither seasonally adjusted nor calendar adjusted data) 814662

geo

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  group_by(geo, Geo) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "DE", "Germany", Geo)) %>%
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(Geo)),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../bib/flags/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) %>%
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

time

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  group_by(time) %>%
  summarise(Nobs = n()) %>%
  arrange(desc(time)) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Last

Europe

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(geo == "EA20",
         unit != "I20") %>%
  filter(time == max(time)) %>%
  mutate(variable = paste0(s_adj, " - ", unit)) %>%
  select(-unit, -s_adj) %>%
  spread(variable, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

France

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(geo == "FR",
         unit != "I20") %>%
  filter(time == max(time)) %>%
  mutate(variable = paste0(s_adj, " - ", unit)) %>%
  select(-unit, -s_adj) %>%
  spread(variable, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Germany

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(geo == "DE",
         unit != "I20") %>%
  filter(time == max(time)) %>%
  mutate(variable = paste0(s_adj, " - ", unit)) %>%
  select(-unit, -s_adj) %>%
  spread(variable, values) %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Indices

France

All

Nominal

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(80, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017T2-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-04-01")) %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(80, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  geom_text(data = . %>%
              filter(date %in% max(date)),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct, label = round(values, 1)))

Business

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(50, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

1999-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("1999-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(50, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Public

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "O-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(50, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017T2-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "O-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("FR")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-04-01")) %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(50, 200, 2)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  geom_text(data = . %>%
              filter(date %in% max(date)),
            aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct, label = round(values, 1)))

Germany

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("DE")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(60, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Italy

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("IT")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(60, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Spain

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("ES")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(60, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Euro Area

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("EA")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(Lcstruct) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(60, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Netherlands

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         geo %in% c("NL")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(lcstruct, by = "lcstruct") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Lcstruct)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(60, 200, 5)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.45, 0.80),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Europe and Eurozone

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("EA19", "EU27_2020")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Geo)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("EA19", "EU27_2020")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = Geo)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2022Q1-Q2 - Tables

D11 - Wages and salaries (total)

%

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit %in% c("PCH_SM", "PCH_PRE"),
         lcstruct == "D11",
         time == max(time),
         s_adj == "CA") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(unit, by = "unit") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  select(-unit) %>%
  spread(Unit, values) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Indice

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit %in% c("PCH_SM", "PCH_PRE"),
         lcstruct == "D11",
         time == max(time),
         s_adj == "CA") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(unit, by = "unit") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  select(-unit) %>%
  spread(Unit, values) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

D12_D4_MD5 - Labour costs other than wages and salaries

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         time %in% c("2022Q2","2022Q1"),
         s_adj == "CA") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  spread(time, values) %>%
  arrange(`2022Q2`) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

D1_D4_MD5 - Labour cost for LCI (compensation of employees plus taxes minus subsidies)

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         time %in% c("2022Q2","2022Q1"),
         s_adj == "CA") %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) %>%
  spread(time, values) %>%
  arrange(`2022Q2`) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

D11 - Wages and salaries

France, Germany

Indice

Tous

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  #filter(date >= as.Date("1998-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = c(seq(1998, 2100, 2)) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

1999-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("1999-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = c(seq(1999, 2100, 5), seq(1997, 2100, 5)) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

1998-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("1998-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = c(seq(1998, 2100, 2)) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Europe

Indice

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2001-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2001-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017T2-

B-N
Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-N",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA20")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-04-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA20", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

B-S
Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "I20",
         s_adj == "SCA",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA20")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-04-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA20", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  group_by(geo) %>%
  arrange(date) %>%
  mutate(values = 100*values/values[1]) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(90, 200, 5)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Change

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2020-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2020-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "6 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

3 years

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= Sys.Date() - years(3)) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2 years

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= Sys.Date() - years(2)) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Netherlands, Portugal, Hungary, Italy

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("NL", "PT", "HU", "IT")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D11",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("NL", "PT", "HU", "IT")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

D12_D4_MD5 - Labour costs other than wages and salaries

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Europe

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2020-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2020-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "6 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

3 years

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= Sys.Date() - years(3)) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2 years

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D12_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= Sys.Date() - years(2)) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "3 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

D1_D4_MD5 - Labour cost for LCI

France, Germany, Italy, Spain

All

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D1_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 2) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2017-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D1_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2017-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) %>% paste0("-01-01") %>% as.Date,
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())

2020-

Code 
lc_lci_r2_q %>%
  filter(nace_r2 == "B-S",
         unit == "PCH_SM",
         lcstruct == "D1_D4_MD5",
         s_adj == "CA",
         geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "ES", "IT", "EA19")) %>%
  quarter_to_date %>%
  filter(date >= as.Date("2020-01-01")) %>%
  left_join(geo, by = "geo") %>%
  mutate(values = values/100,
         Geo = ifelse(geo == "EA19", "Europe", Geo)) %>%
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  ggplot(.) + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = "6 months",
               labels = date_format("%Y %b")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-20, 20, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(a = 1)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.75, 0.90),
        legend.title = element_blank())