Net debt (% of GDP) - GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT

Data - IMF

Author

François Geerolf

Last observation: 2031 (N = 87)

First observation: 1980 (N = 5)

Last data update: 05 sept. 2026, 00:14

Last compile: 05 sept. 2026, 00:40

FREQ

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  left_join(FREQ, by =  "FREQ") |>
  group_by(FREQ, Freq) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()
FREQ Freq Nobs
A Annual 3180

REF_AREA

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  group_by(REF_AREA, Ref_area) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(gsub(" ", "-", Ref_area))),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

TIME_PERIOD

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  group_by(TIME_PERIOD) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(desc(TIME_PERIOD)) |>
  print_table_conditional()

US, Zone Euro

All

Code 
plot <- GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(REF_AREA %in% c("US", "U2")) |>
  year_to_date2() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("1999-01-01")) |>
  left_join(REF_AREA,  by = "REF_AREA") |>
  mutate(Ref_area = ifelse(REF_AREA == "U2", "Europe", "United States")) |>
  add_flag_color("Ref_area") |>
  mutate(OBS_VALUE = OBS_VALUE/100) |>
  rename(Counterpart_area = Ref_area) |>
  #filter(date <= as.Date("2021-01-01")) %>%
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = OBS_VALUE, color = color)) + 
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Dette publique nette, % du PIB") +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = c(seq(1999, 2100, 5), seq(1997, 2100, 5)) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-10, 400, 10),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1))

save(plot, file = "GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT_files/figure-html/US-U2-1.RData")

plot

Net Government Debt (% of GDP)

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(TIME_PERIOD == "2018") |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  select(REF_AREA, Ref_area, OBS_VALUE) |>
  arrange(-OBS_VALUE) |>
  na.omit() %>%
  mutate_at(vars(3), funs(paste0(round(as.numeric(.), 1), " %"))) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(gsub(" ", "-", Ref_area))),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

France, United States, Germany, Japan

Tous

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(REF_AREA %in% c("FR", "US", "DE", "JP")) |>
  year_to_date2() |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  add_flag_color("Ref_area") |>
  rename(Counterpart_area = Ref_area) |>
  #filter(date >= as.Date("2015-01-01")) %>%
  mutate(OBS_VALUE = OBS_VALUE/100) |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = OBS_VALUE, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2100, 5), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2000-

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(REF_AREA %in% c("FR", "US", "DE", "JP")) |>
  year_to_date2() |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  add_flag_color("Ref_area") |>
  rename(Counterpart_area = Ref_area) |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  mutate(OBS_VALUE = OBS_VALUE/100) |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Net public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = OBS_VALUE, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2100, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

France, United States, Germany, Japan, Italy, Netherlands

Tous

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(REF_AREA %in% c("FR", "US", "DE", "JP", "IT", "NL")) |>
  year_to_date2() |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  add_flag_color("Ref_area") |>
  rename(Counterpart_area = Ref_area) |>
  #filter(date >= as.Date("2015-01-01")) %>%
  mutate(OBS_VALUE = OBS_VALUE/100) |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = OBS_VALUE, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2100, 5), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))

2000-

Code 
GGXWDN_G01_GDP_PT |>
  filter(REF_AREA %in% c("FR", "US", "DE", "JP", "IT", "NL")) |>
  year_to_date2() |>
  left_join(REF_AREA, by = "REF_AREA") |>
  add_flag_color("Ref_area") |>
  rename(Counterpart_area = Ref_area) |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  mutate(OBS_VALUE = OBS_VALUE/100) |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("Net public debt (years of GDP)") +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = OBS_VALUE, color = color)) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_flags +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.85),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 260, 20),
                     labels = scales::dollar_format(acc = .1, pre = "", su = " y")) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1990, 2100, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y"))