Average annual hours actually worked per worker - ANHRS

Data - OECD

Author

François Geerolf

Info

Last observation: A: 2022 (N = 88)

First observation: A: 1950 (N = 5)

Last data update: 02 aoû 2026, 08:56. Last compile: 17 aoû 2026, 22:10

Structure

Info

  • 80 years = 700800 hours:
Code 
80*365*24
# [1] 700800
  • The data are intended for comparisons of trends over time; they are unsuitable for comparisons of the level of average annual hours of work for a given year, because of differences in their sources and method of calculation.

COUNTRY

All

Code 
ANHRS |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  group_by(COUNTRY, Country) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(gsub(" ", "-", Country))),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

By EMPSTAT

Code 
ANHRS |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$EMPSTAT, by = "EMPSTAT") |>
  group_by(COUNTRY, Country, Empstat) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  spread(Empstat, Nobs) |>
  arrange(-`Total employment`) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(gsub(" ", "-", Country))),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

obsTime

Code 
ANHRS |>
  group_by(obsTime) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(desc(obsTime)) |>
  print_table_conditional()

Both

Germany, Denmark

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "DNK")) |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$EMPSTAT, by = "EMPSTAT") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  mutate(Empstat = factor(Empstat, levels = c("Total employment", "Dependent employment"))) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color, linetype = Empstat)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_4flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.7, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

France, United States

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("FRA", "USA")) |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$EMPSTAT, by = "EMPSTAT") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  mutate(Empstat = factor(Empstat, levels = c("Total employment", "Dependent employment"))) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color, linetype = Empstat)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_4flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.7, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

France, United States, Germany

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("FRA", "USA", "DEU")) |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$EMPSTAT, by = "EMPSTAT") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  mutate(Empstat = factor(Empstat, levels = c("Total employment", "Dependent employment"))) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color, linetype = Empstat)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_6flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1)) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.7, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank())

Total Employment

Change

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(obsTime %in% c("2019", "1973"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  select(COUNTRY, Country, obsTime, obsValue) |>
  spread(obsTime, obsValue) |>
  mutate(Change = `2019` - `1973`) |>
  arrange(Change) |>
  print_table_conditional()

2019

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(obsTime == "2019") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$EMPSTAT, by = "EMPSTAT") %>%
  select_if(~ n_distinct(.) > 1) |>
  select(-COUNTRY, -EMPSTAT) |>
  spread(Empstat, obsValue) |>
  arrange(`Total employment`) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(gsub(" ", "-", Country))),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

France, Germany, Italy, United States, Spain

All

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "USA", "ESP"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

1995-

Heures / an

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "USA", "ESP"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(COUNTRY == "USA", color2, color)) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Heures par travailleur, par an") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " h/ans", acc = 1))

Indice = 100

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "USA", "ESP"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("1995-01-01")) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(COUNTRY == "USA", color2, color)) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  group_by(Location) |>
  mutate(obsValue = 100*obsValue/obsValue[date == as.Date("1995-01-01")]) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Heures par travailleur, par an (1995 = 100)") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(10, 300, 2))

France, Sweden, United States

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("SWE", "FRA", "USA"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(COUNTRY == "USA", color2, color)) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Canada, Finland, Norway

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("FIN", "CAN", "NOR"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  mutate(color = ifelse(COUNTRY == "USA", color2, color)) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

France, Germany, Italy

All

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

1970-

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("1970-01-01")) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Japan, United Kingdom, United States

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("GBR", "JPN", "USA"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Denmark, Netherlands, Norway

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("NLD", "DNK", "NOR"),
         EMPSTAT == "TE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Total Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Dependent Employment

France, Germany, Italy, United States, Spain

All

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA", "USA", "ESP"),
         EMPSTAT == "DE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Dependent Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

France, Germany, Italy

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DEU", "FRA", "ITA"),
         EMPSTAT == "DE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Dependent Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Japan, United Kingdom, United States

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("GBR", "JPN", "USA"),
         EMPSTAT == "DE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Dependent Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))

Denmark, Netherlands, Norway

Code 
ANHRS |>
  filter(COUNTRY %in% c("DNK", "NLD", "NOR"),
         EMPSTAT == "DE") |>
  left_join(ANHRS_var$COUNTRY, by = "COUNTRY") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Country" = "country")) |>
  rename(Location = Country) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) + 
  scale_color_identity() + add_3flags + theme_minimal() +
  ylab("Hours worked per worker, per year - Dependent Emp.") + xlab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 10) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(100, 3000, 100),
                     labels = dollar_format(prefix = "", suffix = " hrs / year", acc = 1))