Employment by Sex and by Age - GENDER_EMP

Name: Employment by Sex and by Age
Creator: François Geerolf
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Data - OECD

Author

François Geerolf

Last data update: 02 août 2026, 08:59

Last compile: 04 sept. 2026, 02:33

Structure

Nobs - Javascript

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$IND |> 
              setNames(c("IND", "Ind")), by = "IND") |>
  group_by(IND, Ind, SEX, AGE) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F) else .}

Italy, Germany, Greece, Spain, Portugal, France

Employment / Population Level

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(IND == "EMP2", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS",
         AGE == "1564",
         COU %in% c("ITA", "DEU", "GRC", "ESP", "PRT", "FRA")) |>
  arrange(COU, TIME) |>
  rename(obsTime = TIME) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$COU |> 
              setNames(c("COU", "Cou")), by = "COU") |>
  group_by(COU) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Cou, linetype = Cou)) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(7)[1:6]) +
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.direction = "horizontal") +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 200, 5),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1))

Employment / Population Index

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(IND == "EMP2", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS",
         AGE == "1564",
         COU %in% c("ITA", "DEU", "GRC", "ESP", "PRT", "FRA")) |>
  arrange(COU, TIME) |>
  rename(obsTime = TIME) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$COU |> 
              setNames(c("COU", "Cou")), by = "COU") |>
  group_by(COU) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  mutate(obsValue = 100 * obsValue / obsValue[date == as.Date("2007-01-01")]) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Cou, linetype = Cou)) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(7)[1:6]) +
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.direction = "horizontal") +
  scale_y_log10(breaks = seq(70, 200, 5))

Unemployment Rate

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(IND == "EMP3", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS",
         AGE == "1564",
         COU %in% c("ITA", "DEU", "GRC", "ESP", "PRT", "FRA")) |>
  arrange(COU, TIME) |>
  rename(obsTime = TIME) |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2000-01-01")) |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$COU |> 
              setNames(c("COU", "Cou")), by = "COU") |>
  group_by(COU) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Cou, linetype = Cou)) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(7)[1:6]) +
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.direction = "horizontal") +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 200, 2),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1))

Unemployment Rate

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(IND == "EMP3", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS",
         AGE == "1524",
         COU %in% c("ITA", "GRC", "ESP", "PRT", "USA")) |>
  arrange(COU, TIME) |>
  rename(obsTime = TIME) |>
  year_to_enddate() |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$COU |> 
              setNames(c("COU", "Cou")), by = "COU") |>
  group_by(COU) |>
  arrange(date) |>
  ggplot() + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Cou, linetype = Cou)) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme_minimal() + xlab("") + ylab("") +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1960, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.25, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.direction = "horizontal") +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(0, 200, 5),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1))

Germany

Part Time Work in Germany

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(COU == "DEU", 
         IND == "EMP5", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS") |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$AGE |> 
              setNames(c("AGE", "Age")), by = "AGE") |>
  mutate(date = paste0(TIME, "-01-01") |> as.Date()) |>
  ggplot() + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Age, linetype = Age)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.85, 0.2),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 90, 2),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Share of Part-Time Employment") + xlab("")

Share of Involuntary Part Time Work in Germany

All Persons

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(COU == "DEU", 
         IND == "EMP6", 
         SEX == "ALL_PERSONS") |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$AGE |> 
              setNames(c("AGE", "Age")), by = "AGE") |>
  mutate(date = paste0(TIME, "-01-01") |> as.Date()) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/100) |>
  ggplot() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Age, linetype = Age)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.15, 0.8),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 90, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Share of Involuntary Part-Time Employment") + xlab("")

Men

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(COU == "DEU", 
         IND == "EMP6", 
         SEX == "MEN") |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$AGE |> 
              setNames(c("AGE", "Age")), by = "AGE") |>
  mutate(date = paste0(TIME, "-01-01") |> as.Date()) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/100) |>
  ggplot() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Age, linetype = Age)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.15, 0.8),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 90, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Share of Involuntary Part-Time Employment") + xlab("")

Women

Code

GENDER_EMP |>
  filter(COU == "DEU", 
         IND == "EMP6", 
         SEX == "WOMEN") |>
  left_join(GENDER_EMP_var$AGE |> 
              setNames(c("AGE", "Age")), by = "AGE") |>
  mutate(date = paste0(TIME, "-01-01") |> as.Date()) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue/100) |>
  ggplot() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Age, linetype = Age)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme_minimal() +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.15, 0.8),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 90, 1),
                     labels = percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  ylab("Share of Involuntary Part-Time Employment") + xlab("")