Nominal unit labour cost - 3 years % change - tipslm10

Data - Eurostat

Info

Last observation: Annual: 2025 (N = 60)

First observation: Annual: 1995 (N = 7)

Last data update: 23 jul 2026, 22:47. Last compile: 24 jul 2026, 04:04

Structure

freq

na_item

unit

geo

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands: Annual Change

tipslm10 %>%
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "NL", "ES", "IT"),
         unit == "PCH_PRE") %>%
  year_to_date %>%

  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  mutate(color = ifelse(geo == "NL", color2, color)) %>%
  ggplot + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + theme_minimal() +
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1995, 2100, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  xlab("") + ylab("Nominal unit labour cost, annual % change") +
  scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Latest Year: Ranking by Annual Change

latest_y <- tipslm10 %>%
  filter(unit == "PCH_PRE", !is.na(values)) %>%
  summarise(m = max(time)) %>%
  pull(m)

tipslm10 %>%
  filter(unit == "PCH_PRE",
         time == latest_y,
         !(geo %in% c("EA20", "EA21", "EU27_2020"))) %>%
  select(Geo, values) %>%
  arrange(-values) %>%
  print_table_conditional()

Geo	values
Bulgaria	9.5
Croatia	8.9
Hungary	8.6
Lithuania	6.1
Slovenia	5.7
Portugal	5.6
Slovakia	5.2
Luxembourg	5.0
Latvia	4.7
Germany	4.5
Malta	4.3
Poland	4.2
Romania	4.2
Czechia	4.0
Spain	4.0
Netherlands	3.7
Estonia	3.5
Italy	3.4
Austria	2.9
Belgium	2.8
Finland	2.1
Cyprus	2.0
Greece	1.7
France	1.6
Denmark	0.8
Sweden	-0.4
Ireland	-2.7

France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Netherlands

tipslm10 %>%
  filter(geo %in% c("FR", "DE", "NL", "ES", "IT")) %>%
  year_to_date %>%
  
  left_join(colors, by = c("Geo" = "country")) %>%
  mutate(values = values/100) %>%
  mutate(color = ifelse(geo == "NL", color2, color)) %>%
  ggplot + geom_line(aes(x = date, y = values, color = color)) + theme_minimal() +
  scale_color_identity() + add_5flags +
  scale_x_date(breaks = as.Date(paste0(seq(1960, 2100, 2), "-01-01")),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  xlab("") + ylab("Nominal unit labour cost - 3 years % change") +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-300, 200, 2),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0.09, linetype = "dashed")