Balance of Payments BPM6 - MEI_BOP6

Data - OECD

Author

François Geerolf

Info

LAST_DOWNLOAD

Code 
tibble(LAST_DOWNLOAD = as.Date(file.info("~/iCloud/website/data/oecd/MEI_BOP6.RData")$mtime)) |>
  print_table_conditional()
LAST_DOWNLOAD
NA

LAST_COMPILE

LAST_COMPILE
2026-08-13

Last

obsTime Nobs
2023-Q4 7

Layout - By country

  • OECD Website. html

Nobs - Javascript

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") %>%
  {if (!is_html_output()) mutate(., Subject = substr(Subject, 1, 87)) else .} |>
  group_by(SUBJECT, Subject, MEASURE, FREQUENCY) |>
  filter(!is.na(obsValue)) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()

SUBJECT

All

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(SUBJECT, Subject) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()

China

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION == "CHN") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(SUBJECT, Subject) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()

MEASURE

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$MEASURE, by = "MEASURE") |>
  group_by(MEASURE, Measure) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()
MEASURE Measure Nobs
CXCU US-Dollar converted 297144
NCCU National Currency 212319
CXCUSA US-Dollar converted, Seasonally adjusted 120273
NCCUSA National Currency, Seasonally adjusted 86970
STSA Indicators in percentage 36472

FREQUENCY

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$FREQUENCY, by = "FREQUENCY") |>
  group_by(FREQUENCY, Frequency) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  print_table_conditional()
FREQUENCY Frequency Nobs
Q Quarterly 581909
A Annual 141869
M Monthly 29400

LOCATION

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  group_by(LOCATION, Location) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(-Nobs) |>
  mutate(Flag = gsub(" ", "-", str_to_lower(Location)),
         Flag = paste0('<img src="../../icon/flag/vsmall/', Flag, '.png" alt="Flag">')) |>
  select(Flag, everything()) %>%
  {if (is_html_output()) datatable(., filter = 'top', rownames = F, escape = F) else .}

obsTime

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  group_by(obsTime) |>
  summarise(Nobs = n()) |>
  arrange(desc(obsTime)) |>
  print_table_conditional()

Example

CA (% of GDP)

US, Europe, France, Germany

1990-

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU", "USA", "EA20"),
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue / 100) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

1999-

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU", "USA", "EA20"),
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1999) |>
  mutate(obsValue = obsValue / 100) |>
  mutate(Location = ifelse(LOCATION == "EA20", "Europe", Location)) |>
  left_join(colors, by = c("Location" = "country")) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue, color = color)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_color_identity() + add_4flags +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Belgium, Greece, Netherlands

Annual

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("BEL", "GRC", "NLD"),
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue / 100, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

France and Germany

Annual

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU"),
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue / 100, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(3)[1:2]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Quarterly

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU"),
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue / 100, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(3)[1:2]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Netherlands, Denmark, Italy

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("NLD", "DNK", "ITA"),
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Australia, Japan, Switzerland

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(SUBJECT == "B6BLTT02", 
         LOCATION %in% c("AUS", "CHE", "JPN"),
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(year(date) >= 1990) |>
  ggplot() + ylab("Current Account (% of GDP)") + xlab("") + theme_minimal() +
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/100, color = Location, linetype = Location)) +
  scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1920, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  theme(legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = 0.01*seq(-7, 16, 1),
                     labels = scales::percent_format(accuracy = 1)) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Current Account Balance

France, Germany, Italy

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("FRA", "DEU", "ITA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Balance of payments BPM6 > Current account Balance > Total > Total Balance
         SUBJECT == "B6BLTT01",
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Location, linetype = Location)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance, Total") +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Netherlands, Switzerland, Sweden

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("NLD", "SWE", "CHE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Balance of payments BPM6 > Current account Balance > Total > Total Balance
         SUBJECT == "B6BLTT01",
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$LOCATION, by = "LOCATION") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Location, linetype = Location)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(4)[1:3]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8)) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) + 
  xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance, Total") +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

CA Decompositions - ALL

  • Goods and Services Account. IMF
  • Primary Income. IMF
  • Secondary Income. IMF

Germany

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("DEU"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLTT01", "B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

France

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("FRA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLTT01", "B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.15),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United States

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("USA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLTT01", "B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(6)[1:5]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.2),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Capital Account Decompositions

Germany

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("DEU"),
         # B6FADI01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Euro Area

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("EA20"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

China

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CHN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United Kingdom

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("GBR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

South Korea

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("KOR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Sweden

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("SWE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

New Zealand

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("NZL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.2),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Canada

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CAN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Australia

All

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

2010

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2010-01-01")) |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

France

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("FRA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United States

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("USA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Poland

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("POL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Czech Republic

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CZE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Hungary

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("HUN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Portugal

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("PRT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Austria

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Capital Account Decompositions - Annual

Germany

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("DEU"),
         # B6FADI01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Euro Area

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("EA20"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

China

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CHN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United Kingdom

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("GBR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

South Korea

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("KOR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Sweden

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("SWE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

New Zealand

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("NZL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.2),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Canada

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CAN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Australia

All

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

2010

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2010-01-01")) |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

France

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("FRA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United States

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("USA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Poland

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("POL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Czech Republic

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CZE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Hungary

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("HUN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Portugal

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("PRT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Austria

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6FADI01", "B6FAPI10", "B6FAOI01", "B6FATT01"),
         # CXCU: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCU",
         FREQUENCY == "A") |>
  year_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Current Account Decompositions

Germany

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("DEU"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Euro Area

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("EA20"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

China

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CHN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 50),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United Kingdom

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("GBR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

South Korea

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("KOR"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Sweden

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("SWE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

New Zealand

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("NZL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.2),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Canada

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CAN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Australia

All

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 10),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

2010

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUS"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  filter(date >= as.Date("2010-01-01")) |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 1) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

France

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("FRA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

United States

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("USA"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 20),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Poland

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("POL"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 5),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Czech Republic

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("CZE"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.3),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Hungary

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("HUN"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 5) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Portugal

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("PRT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.9),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")

Austria

Code 
MEI_BOP6 |>
  filter(LOCATION %in% c("AUT"),
         # B6BLTT01: Current account, balance
         # B6BLPI01: Primary income, balance
         # B6BLSI01: Secondary income, balance
         SUBJECT %in% c("B6BLPI01", "B6BLSI01", "B6BLTD01", "B6BLSE01"),
         # CXCUSA: US Dollars, sum over component sub-periods, s.a
         MEASURE == "CXCUSA",
         FREQUENCY == "Q") |>
  quarter_to_date() |>
  left_join(MEI_BOP6_var$SUBJECT, by = "SUBJECT") |>
  group_by(LOCATION) |>
  ggplot() + xlab("") + ylab("Current account Balance Component, Total") + 
  geom_line(aes(x = date, y = obsValue/10^3, color = Subject)) + 
  theme_minimal() + scale_color_manual(values = viridis(5)[1:4]) +
  theme(legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.position = c(0.2, 0.8),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 8),
        legend.key.size = unit(0.9, 'lines')) +
  scale_x_date(breaks = seq(1950, 2100, 2) |> paste0("-01-01") |> as.Date(),
               labels = date_format("%Y")) +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(-20000, 400000, 1),
                     labels = dollar_format(accuracy = 1, suffix = " Bn", prefix = "$ ")) +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype = "dashed", color = "black")